本文介绍LaTeX如何引用文献、生成文献列表、文档生成，包括natbib。

1. 生成文献列表

投搞的话，其实几乎不用考虑参考文献格式，因为通常期刊或者会议论文会提供格式模板(如IEEE的IEEEtran.bst)。只需要将自已的参考文献放在一个文件(如References.bib)，加到tex文档就可以了(在\end{document}之前)。

\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}
\bibliography{References}

如果只是用pdflatex编译的话，会提示错误“Citation undefined”。还需要用bibtex编译，我的做法是，写个简单脚本，如下：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
filename="dtn_nc_data_mules"

pdflatex -shell-escape $filename
bibtex $filename
pdflatex $filename

xdg-open $filename.pdf

2. 引用显示作者和年份

在撰写论文时，为了便于自已阅读，将引用显示为作者和年份，而不是仅仅数字[1][2]...，那么用apalike格式就可以了，如下：

\bibliographystyle{apalike}
\bibliography{References}

3. natbib

3.1 usepackage

natbib定义了一些引用格式来代替常用的\cite。在\begin{document}插入natlib包，natlib使用方法如下：

\usepackage[options]{natbib} #e.g., \usepackage[comma,authoryear]{natbib}
 
round        #(default) for round parentheses;
square       #for square brackets;
curly        #for curly braces;
angle        #for angle brackets;

colon        #(default) to separate multiple citations with colons;
comma        #to use commas as separators;

authoryear   #(default) for author­year citations;
numbers        #for numerical citations;
super    #for superscripted numerical citations, as in Nature;

sort        #orders multiple citations into the sequence in which they appear in the list of references;
sort&compress   #as sort but in addition multiple numerical citations are compressed if possible (as 3­6, 15);
longnamesfirst    #makes the first citation of any reference the equivalent of the starred variant (full author list) and subsequent citations normal (abbreviated list);

sectionbib   #redefines \thebibliography to issue \section* instead of \chapter*; valid only for classes with a \chapter command; to be used with the chapterbib package;
nonamebreak        #keeps all the authors’ names in a citation on one line; causes overfull hboxes but helps with some hyperref problems.

3.2 引用类型

natbib.sty有两条基本的引用命令：citet, citep，如下：

\citet     #textual citations, print the abbreviated author list
\citet*    #textual citations, print the full author list

\citep     #parenthetical citations, print the abbreviated author list
\citep*    #parenthetical citations, print the full author list

\citealt    #the same as \citet but without any parentheses.
\citealp    #the same as \citep but without any parentheses. 


\citeauthor{ale91}         #Alex et al.
\citeauthor*{ale91}        #Alex, Mathew, and Ravi

\citeyear{ale91}           #1991 
\citeyearpar{ale91}        #(1991)

#Citations aliasing
\defcitealias{jon90}{Paper~I}

\citetalias{ale91}    #Paper I
\citepalias{ale91}    #(Paper I)

\citetext #place arbitrary text around a citation. e.g., \citetext{short comm.} ⇒ (short comm.)

举例如下：

\citet{ale91}              #Alex et al. (1991)
\citet*{ale91}             #Alex, Mathew, and Ravi (1991)
\citet{ale91,rav92}        #Alex et al. (1991); Ravi et al. (1992)
\citet[chap.~4]{ale91}     #Alex et al. (1991, chap. 4)

\citep{ale91}              #(Alex et al., 1991)
\citep*{ale91}             #(Alex, Mathew, and Ravi, 1991)
\citep{ale91,rav92}        #(Alex et al., 1991; Ravi et al. 1992)
\citep[chap.~4]{ale91}     #(Alex et al., 1991, chap. 4)

\citep[see][]{ale91}       #(see Alex et al., 1991)
\citep[see][chap.~4]{jon91}#(see Alex et al., 1991, chap. 4)

4. bibliographystyle

请参考: Bibliography and citation style, abbrv, acm, alpha, apalike, ieeetr, plain, siam and unsrt.

参考资料：
[1]PSU: Bibliography and citation style
[2]On-line Tutorial on LATEX: 10 Bibliography.pdf
[3]Natbib Documentation

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